IMPORTANCE OF SPUTUM EXAMINATION EQUALLY important in diagnosis is the examination of sputum by an experienced person. A specimen of sputum in which the tubercle bacillus is found is proof of the disease. On the other hand, tuberculosis is not to be ruled out because the sputum examination is negative. A negative sputum should be an incentive to further examinations. A positive sputum emphasizes the need of giving the patient and family intensive instruction in hygiene so that further infection may be reduced to a minimum. The disposal of bacilli-laden sputum by burning destroys a portion of the enemy's forces. It is through the sputum, perhaps, more than by any other means (by the unprotected cough, sneeze, careless expectoration and contaminated dishes) t hat infection is spread from the diseased person to other members of the family, especially to children. The laboratory provides sputum examination service free to all physicians.